What is the primary function of dunes in coastal areas?

The primary function of dunes in coastal areas is to prevent flooding from storm surges. Dunes act as natural barriers, absorbing wave energy during storm events and reducing the impact of high tides and waves on inland areas. This protective feature is crucial in safeguarding coastal communities and ecosystems from erosion and flooding that can be caused by severe weather conditions.

While dunes may also support tourism and provide recreational opportunities, their most significant role is related to coastal protection. Supporting local agriculture is generally not a primary function of dunes, as their sandy and often harsh environment is not typically conducive to farming. Similarly, while dunes may indirectly provide some shelter for certain types of terrestrial wildlife, they are not primarily recognized for providing habitat for marine life, which predominantly resides in the ocean or coastal waters. Therefore, the role of dunes as barriers against storm surges solidifies their importance in coastal management and resilience.