What is the process called when trapped air in cliff joints weakens the cliff due to wave action?

The process when trapped air in cliff joints weakens the cliff due to wave action is known as hydraulic action. This occurs when waves crash against the cliff, creating pressure in the joints and cracks. The rapid change in pressure caused by the incoming waves can lead to the expansion of the trapped air, which ultimately weakens the rock structure. Over time, this can cause pieces of the cliff to break off or collapse, leading to significant coastal erosion.

Hydraulic action is a crucial component of coastal erosion processes, as it can effectively dislodge materials from the cliff face, contributing to the overall shape and stability of the coastline. Understanding this process is essential in coastal management and erosion prevention strategies.